Aim. Conduct the clinical and situational analysis structured element of caries intensity in motivation of the algorithm to rehabilitations caries pathology beside flying personnel of the civil aviation.

Material and methods. In the article presented results of structured caries intensities in depending the level of cariesology status besides flying personnel at the age 20-60 years and senior. In the course of called on studies were examined 568 employees of the flying composition of civil aviation. Structured estimation of caries intensities was organized according to designed and approved methods of the professor A.V. Alimskiy.

Results. Total importance of the complicated forms of caries amongst aircraft workman with compensates and subcompensates forms of cariesology status has formed accordingly 0.88±0.11 and 3.00±0.19, while amongst examined with decompensate form of cariesology status total importance under investigation realistically increased to 5.77±0.49 units in calculation on one examined.

Conclusion. The highest index of caries intensities revealed besides flying personnel with decompensates form of cariesology status.

Purpose of the study. To study the clinical and epidemiological features of enterobiasis in children based on materials from the State Clinical Hospital of Dushanbe.

Material and research methods. The study material included 23 patients with enterobiasis who were undergoing inpatient treatment at the city clinical infectious diseases hospital in Dushanbe over the past 5 years. The clinical diagnosis of enterobiasis was made on the basis of laboratory test data (feces for helminth eggs, detection of helminth eggs, epidemiological history and clinical picture of the disease).

Research results and discussion. As a result of the study, out of a total of 23 (100%) patients: there were 12 (52.2%) urban and 11 (47.8%) rural (18 (78.3%) girls and 5 (21.7) boys%) Of these, 18 (78.3%) were admitted to the clinic for the first time, and 5 (21.7%) were repeated; 20 (87%) children were in contact. All examined children had a mild form of enteriobiosis, manifested by itching in the anal area in the evening or at night (100%), redness in the anal area (100%), poor sleep (100%), nausea in 11 (47.8%), salivation in 11 (47.8%), pinworms coming out in 21 (91.3%) children. After treatment with vermox, 20 children from 2 years to 10 years old received a single dose of 25-50 mg and albendazole 200 ml according to the scheme; 3 children received 1 tablet once a day after meals, for 3-4 days. The results revealed absolute clinical recovery.

Conclusions. The study revealed that enterobiasis remains the most common parasitic disease in childhood; it is quite difficult to avoid it, since children tend to try everything “by tooth”, and the concepts of safety and personal hygiene have not yet been formed. The most important parental mistake observed when detecting symptoms of parasitic infestation is attempts to get rid of worms independently using folk remedies or drugs purchased at the pharmacy without first consulting a doctor.

Purpose of the study. To study the main factors and features of the development of cervical polyp in women of different age groups.

Materials and methods of research. In connection with the set goal, we conducted a clinical and laboratory examination of 146 women at the State Research Institute of Aging and Pregnancy of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tajikistan. The examined women, depending on their age, were divided into the following groups: Group I – 29 (19,9%) women of active reproductive age; Group II – 61 (41,7%) women of late reproductive age; Group III – 56 (38,4%) women of perimenopausal age

Research results and discussion. During a gynecological examination of women of active reproductive age, in most cases (25 – 86.2±6.4%) polyps were single and in 4 (13.8±4.7%) patients there were multiple polyps. We found an increase in the frequency of multiple polyps in women of late reproductive age (15 – 24.6±5.5%), and single polyps occurred in 46 (75.4±5.5). Analysis of the number of cervical polyps revealed that in the group of women of perimenopausal age, single polyps also predominated: 48 (85.7±4.7%) and only 8 (14.3±4.7%) had multiple polyps. In all examined patients, polyps were combined with pathological conditions of the cervix, which were confirmed both visually and by colposcopic examination.

Conclusion. The studies showed the multifactorial nature of cervical pathology with polyps, a large number of pregnancies, childbirths, artificial and spontaneous abortions followed by instrumental curettage of the uterine cavity and long-term use of the IUD. Clinical manifestations and treatment tactics for cervical polyps depend on the woman’s age, her hormonal levels and concomitant diseases.

Purpose of the study. To study the effectiveness of using fixed orthopedic constructions made from materials of various compositions.

Material and research methods. A sociological survey covered 487 patients who underwent treatment at the City Dental Clinic No. 3 in Dushanbe, as well as at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry of the Non-State Educational Institution “Medical-Social Institute of Tajikistan.” Within the framework of the study, 1,032 orthopedic constructions were analyzed. For statistical data processing, the LDS Basis chromatograph computational module was used.

Research results and discussion. According to the data from the epidemiological study, stamped steel crowns accounted for 629 units (60.9%), gold crowns — 149 (14.4%), silver-palladium alloy crowns — 51 (5,0%), metal-ceramic crowns — 71 (6,9%), and metal-plastic crowns — 132 (12.8%) of the total number of constructions analyzed.

Conclusions: Steel crowns are the most commonly used (p<0.05), especially among elderly patients, due to their affordability and durability. Gold and metal-ceramic crowns are more frequently chosen by middle-aged patients for their aesthetic and functional advantages. Silver-palladium alloy crowns and metal-plastic constructions are used less frequently.

Objective of the study. To optimize surgical treatment of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media.

Material and methods of the study. In the conditions of the audiology department of the ENT clinic of the State Medical Center of Radiology and Radiology “Shifobakhsh” for the period 20172020. We examined and operated on 126 patients aged 19 to 45 years (including 56 women and 70 men) suffering from unilateral chronic suppurative otitis media with varying degrees of hearing loss.

Results of the study and their discussion. All patients with chronic suppurative otitis media had various complaints, which were divided into local (ear pain, otorrhea, hearing loss, putrid odor from the ear, tinnitus) and general intoxication (headache, weakness, chills).

Conclusions. The choice of surgical treatment for chronic suppurative otitis media depends on the degree of damage to the structures of the middle ear. Endoural atticoanthrotomy is effective in the sclerotic type of the mastoid process with a limited purulent process. With severe destructive changes in the cavities of the middle ear, radical surgery is effective, which improves access to the source of infection and provides an opportunity for good sanitation. Closure of the Eustachian tube during radical operations prevents the spread of infection from the nasopharynx to the middle ear.

Purpose of the study. To study possible predictors contributing to the recurrence of choledocholithiasis in obese patients.

Materials and methods of research. The study is based on 116 patients with choledocholithiasis, against the background of obesity of varying degrees. There were 38 (32.8%) patients with abdominal obesity of the 1st degree, 57 (49.1%) of the 2nd degree, 14 (12.1%) of the 3rd degree and 7 (6,0%) of the 4th degree of patients. According to the performed methods of operations, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st main group consisted of 60 (51.7%) patients who underwent combined minimally invasive interventions and the 2nd, control group 56 (48.3%) patients who underwent emergency traditional intervention.

Research results and discussion. Analysis of the factors leading to choledocholithiasis recurrence in 11 (18.3%) patients of the main group with recurrent CL showed that preoperative leukocytosis, laparotomic method of the primary operation, drainage of the choledochus with a T-shaped drainage, a long stay in the hospital and a long period of time during operations were significantly associated with the development of recurrence. Another important predictor of choledocholithiasis recurrence in obese patients was the method of primary surgery on the gallbladder and bile ducts.

Conclusion. The recurrence of choledocholithiasis in patients with obesity, along with wellknown factors, is associated with such predictors as the picture of leukocytosis before the primary operation, the methods of surgery performed, and the size of the calculus.

The purpose of the study. Determining the main directions of higher specialized education and development of practical skills of students through modern educational methods that change traditional attitudes in education, direct the attention of students to awaken individual creative feelings (enthusiasm), and this provides the opportunity to develop practical and creative abilities of future specialists.

Materials and research methods. In the process of writing the article, literary sources are used according to the purpose of the article according to the comparative method, and the main attention is paid to the experience of using modern methods in higher education. The author of the article, using educational sources and literature of the field, proposes and uses the use of modern educational methods for the formation of creative abilities in the training of specialists.

The results of research and their discussion. The results of the research determine that the use of modern teaching methods in higher education allows us to achieve the goal of higher quality education, to show students the opportunity to use theoretical knowledge in the practice of labor and professional activity, and to direct the best specialists to society.

In the Republic of Tajikistan, active aspects of the global education system are operating, but it is still seen that the acquisition of knowledge (education) is limited to lectures and educational materials that are processed in practical lessons.

Conclusion. In the article, the author addresses the researchers in the field of educational sciences and proposes:

1. Synchronization of theoretical knowledge with professional practice in educational programs using modern methods;
2. Development of ways to cover the modern educational program as a powerful basis for the formation of culture and future professional activity of the specialist.

Purpose of study. Studying the activity of a social worker, the powers of the authorized state authorities in the field of social services and social work specialists.

Research material and methods: The study of normative legal documents regulating the activity of a social worker specialist, the powers of the authorized state authorities, the study of the difficult situation of people with limited opportunities, the elderly alone, mothers with many children, orphans, people with serious mental illnesses, the social-pedagogical task of a social worker and the object of the specialist’s professional activity, social work.

Study results and their review. A social worker specialist is considered as a type of social activity for improving the state of human activity (various types of diseases), improving his life conditions, ensuring effective activity and social action, coordinating the system of social relations in the family, collective and society as a whole.

Study of social services of household is medical, health, cultural, educational, legal, rehabilitation and social adaptation of persons with limited opportunities and the elderly.

Conclusion: On the one hand, the activity of a social worker is aimed at solving the problems of this moment of a person, and on the other hand, on the other hand, he informs the society about the social problems of the national level (diseases, unemployment, helping people with limited opportunities, the increase of various forms of deviant behavior) and at the same time helps. Also, a social worker acts as a psychologist, a sociologist, a teacher, a doctor, and a lawyer.

Purpose of the study: to study the role of tumor markers in the examination of women with ovarian tumors and to determine the most important criteria for prognostic diagnosis.

Materials and methods of research: The study included women who were under observation in the consultative and diagnostic clinic of the State Research Institute of Aging, as well as those hospitalized in the gynecological department of the institute. Of these: мain group 177 (54,1%) women with benign ovarian tumors, comparison group – 107 (32,7%) women with ovarian tumors, control group – 43 (13,2%) healthy women.

Results and their discussions: Having analyzed the results of 80 blood serum samples from patients with pre-occlusive tumors and 54 from patients with general neoplasms for the tumor marker CA-19.9, it was found that the concentration of this antigen was within the reference values: 23.9±1.37 IU/ ml and 19.2±1.17 IU/ml, respectively. The obtained data had statistically significant differences (p<0.01) from similar indicators for women in the control group. An increase in the concentration of CA-125 above the reference values (35 IU/ml) occurred in 4 (17.4 ± 7.1) of 23 patients with endometrioid cysts and in 3 (13.0 ± 7.0) of 23 patients with dermoid cysts ovaries. Additional studies of tumor markers CEA and CA-19.9 showed the concentrations of these tumor markers within normal values. When calculating MI in patients of the main group, this indicator was less than 200, averaging 24.7±2.9.

Conclusion: Thus, determining the level of tumor markers and calculating the malignancy index in patients with adnexal formations in the preoperative period make it possible to determine the profile of the hospital where surgical treatment is necessary and to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment. At high levels of CA-125 additionally, the concentration of CA-19.9 and CEA should be determined in order to clarify the possibility of malignancy of formations

The purpose of the study. To study and bring to the attention of the audience the history of the global crisis of modern civilization, expressed in the accelerated growth of negative trends in the relationship between society and nature and in the growth of social tension in society itself.

Material and research methods. The information base of the research was the existing Internet resources: articles, dissertations, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and climatologists and materials of international organizations in the field of climate change.

The results and their discussions. The global environmental crisis is a trend, a state in the relationship between human society and nature, characterized by a discrepancy between the production forces and production relations of human society and the resource and biological capabilities of the biosphere. The global environmental crisis caused by human intervention in natural processes poses a danger to life on Earth. It is a consequence of the totality of the economic activity of civilization and manifests itself in changing the characteristics of the natural environment on a global scale.

Conclusion. Environmental crises pose serious threats to our planet and future generations. But everyone can be a part of the solution. Conscious efforts towards energy conservation, sustainable agriculture, waste management and water protection are just the beginning.

It is important to spread information about environmental issues, raise public awareness and inspire decision-making.